> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://manual.senseforce.io/manual/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://manual.senseforce.io/manual/sf-platform/script-editor/working-with-timestamps/working-with-timestamps-in-r.md).

# Working with Timestamps in R

The SF timestamp is formatted as UNIX timestamp with millisecond precision. For our R scripting engine, this looks like an ordinary numeric. To create a date object, use the following snippet:

```
as.POSIXct(timestamp/1000, origin = "1970-01-01", tz="Europe/Vienna")
```

To use a R date object outside of a script, define a script result variable with data type either "timestamp" or "string". Using "string" has the advantage of formatting the date-time object as you like but when using a timestamp the widget will adjust the representation to the displayed time frame. Use the following code snippets to correctly format the date-objects to meet the correct output format requirements:

String as output,

```
outputStringTimestamp = as.character(internalDateObject)
```

Timestamp as output,

```
outputTimestamp = as.numeric(internalDateObject) * 1000
```

Alternatively look at the [lubridate](https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/lubridate/versions/1.7.4) package. It offers many functions for handling timestamps and datetime objects in very intuitive way, just remember that lubridate is also expecting a timestamp in seconds and not in milliseconds, so devide the timestamp you get from your data by 1000.


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